Effat University Repository: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1-20 of 808
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Short – term Versus Long – term Relationship Preferences Among Men and Women: A Case of Saudi ArabiaWhen engaging in long-term or short-term relationships, it is essential to understand that not both genders have the same preferences; it differs from gender to gender and if the relationship is being considered for a longer bond like marriage or otherwise. The following paper attempts to highlight these differences in choice between men and women in Saudi Arabia by studying the results of a quantitative methodology, surveying the population for their preferences, and then comparing them. This was done via an online survey link sent to 70 participants, who were asked to choose their more considered preferences when choosing a mate. The results revealed the differences between long-term and short-term relationship preferences between the two genders and concluded that females are more likely to consider factors like religious and shared values for long-term relationships in comparison to men, along with many other factors to be studied below. It aims to determine the factors that push the perspectives of the residents to sway the way that they do.
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XenophobiaThis capstone project proposes an Augmented Reality experience as Transmedia project about the different world of forest at night. It will be presented in a visual platform with some sound effects. The user interacts with the visuals that is viewed on a big LED screen. The camera detects the position of the user. The first phase is to write the story and then to make it visualized through a suitable program. This capstone thesis contains three chapters. Chapter one is about the idea, background, and significance of the story. Chapter 2 includes longline, synopsis, character description, treatment, concept art and wire frame. Chapter 3 discuss the final production of the whole Augmented Reality experience by representing some visuals from the experience.
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Impact of Capital Structure on Profitability in Saudi Arabia SectorsThis study attempts to find out the compositions of capital structure and their relationship with the profitability of companies in Saudi Arabia. The study used a 10 years (2012-2022) panel data of a sample of 50 companies as a major data input. By employing an explanatory research design, the study mainly tried to investigate the relationship between capital structure and profitability using a dependent variable (ROE ) and (ROA), independent variables that represented the capital structure: leverage , Long-Term Debt to Total Assets (LDA), Debt to Asset Ratio (DA), Debt to equity (DER), Short-term debt to total assets (SDA), total equity to total assets (TETA) and control variables: firm size, firm liquidity, and company growth and economic variables such as Gross Domestic Product growth rate, inflation rate , and SAIBOR rate .After the raw data had been collected and analyzed, results were computed, analyzed and presented using panel data analysis., descriptive statistics and correlation analysis methods fixed effect for ROA and random for ROE regression output model. The findings have shown that the capital structure of the sampled Saudi Arabia company was composed of more debt than equity. The regression analysis results the LDA, TETA, leverage, liquidity, growth, GDP, and inflation had positive and statistically significant effects on ROA, and SDA, DA, DER, size, and SAIBOR had negative and statistically significant effects on ROA. Where, LDA, TETA, leverage, liquidity, growth, size, and GDP had positive and statistically significant effects on ROA, and SDA, DER, inflation, and SAIBOR had positive and statistically significant effects on ROA at 1%, 5%, and 10% significant levels respectively . The study concludes that capital structure had a significant impact on the profitability of companies in Saudi Arabia and recommends that it become more profitable and attain optimal capital structure and company value. The Saudi company should give greater attention to the variables: DER, leverage, size, GDP, and SAIBOR which were found to be strongly related to their company performance.
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Rechargeable Batteries State Estimation Techniques Based on Adaptive- Rate Processing and Machine Learning in the Renewable Energy and Sustainability ProspectThe integrated power system technologies have been evolved in recent technology. The developments of smart and microgrids need to use lithium-ion batteries. 9 The battery is a vital component of contemporary power systems and is used in a variety of important applications. like hybrid cars, drones, avionics, satellites, mobile phones, and energy storage for renewable microgrids. " lithium-ion batteries are widely used because of their excellent properties such as high energy density, installation size, self-discharge, and high-power supply capacity. Batteries are quite expensive, therefore for an effective utilization of batteries and in order to assure their longer life the Battery Management Systems (BMSs) are frequently employed. The modern BMSs require extensive processing resources which can render into higher power consumption overhead. In this context, several embedded and integrated systems-based solutions have been proposed. The first step of this thesis will be to identify and employ an appropriate existing high-power lithium-ion Battery real dataset. In the second step, this dataset will be processed to make its format compatible with MATLAB. The proposed system will be designed in MATLAB. The event-driven peak sensing models will be used for the effective extraction of the features from the intended battery consumption parameters. It will be mainly developed on the principle of the signal-driven phenomenon. This work is well aligned with the 2030 vision of Saudi Arabia and the goals of future smart cities like NEOM. It contributes in realizing modern smart – energy related services such as electric vehicles, hybrid power systems, integration of renewable energy sources in smart grid, mitigation of power quality issues, effective dimensioning of renewable energy systems, efficient cell-balancing, and energy storage automatic management and maintenance.
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The Impact of Financial Development on Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) Performance: The Case of MENA CountriesIn recent times, the world has witnessed rapid development that has generated a substantial loss of habitat and degradation of the environment. This situation poses significant risks of natural disasters for many nations. The development of green technology has been identified as pivotal in curtailing environmental hazards, and financial development has been lauded for its role in funding this endeavor. However, there needs to be more research concerning the impact of financial development on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance, which is a crucial element of sustainable management. The present study aims to address this gap in knowledge by investigating the association between financial development and ESG performance in 17 MENA countries from 2012 to 2020. Various financial development indicators, such as global financial development, financial institutions, and financial markets, are analyzed to gauge their impact on ESG behavior. Factors such as trade openness (TO), economic growth (GDP), and foreign direct investment (FDI) flows critical features that are examined, with a specific focus on the relationship between economic growth and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance in the MENA region. These findings offer important insights that could inform policy-making promoting sustainable economic development while considering the environmental and social implications.
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Problem Focused Coping and Stress in Cancer Patients: A Mediating Role of Emotion-Focused CopingCancer is a life-threatening disease that greatly influences the psycho-social health and well-being of affected individuals. The present study looks into the role of emotion-focused coping as a mediator variable in the relationship between problem-focused coping and perceived stress in cancer patients. A purposive sample of 200 (male = 41%, female = 59%) cancer patients was taken from different cancer hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. Perceived Stress Scale and Brief Cope Inventory were used to investigate the perceived stress and coping strategies of the participants. The findings of correlation analysis indicated the interrelatedness of emotion-focused coping, problem-focused coping, and perceived stress. Findings of mediation analysis revealed that emotion-focused coping significantly plays a mediating role between problem-focused coping and perceived stress in cancer patients. These findings have practical implications for counseling cancer patients to overcome their stress and adopt effective coping strategies to deal with their stress.
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The Egyptian Audience's Dependency on Historical Netflix Shows as a Source of Information: A Field StudyThis study seeks to examine the Egyptian audience's dependency on historical Netflix shows as a source of information, and identify the audience's level of trust in the credibility of the content of these shows, their extent of exposure, the motives for watching them, the benefits achieved after watching, and the role of those shows in forming the audience's attitudes towards the presented historic events and characters. The fundamentals of the study depend on the survey methodology and the use of a questionnaire form as a data-gathering tool. The study uses a purposive sample of 400 respondents of Egyptian Netflix users who watch its historical shows. Major findings of the study conclude that the respondents watch historical Netflix shows occasionally (61%), and they prefer watching historic events in the format of docudrama (56.5%). Historic events emerged as the most prominent element of attraction for the Egyptian audience in historical Netflix shows (97%), and the principal motive of watching was (Because it helps me to form my mental image of the presented historical characters) (16.28%). The study, also, concludes that the respondents depend on historical Netflix shows as a source of information to some extent (55.2%), although they do not trust in the credibility of their content (55%), and they believe that those shows form a positive attitude towards the presented historic events and characters and highlight their significance and motivate the audience to watch (59%) and encourage the audience to search more for historic events after watching (31.6%). Finally, the study concludes that there is a statistically significant correlation between the Egyptian audience's extent of exposure to historical Netflix shows and their dependency on them as a source of information, between the Egyptian audience's preference of watching historic events in a specific show format on Netflix and their level of trust in the credibility of the content of these shows, and there are statistically significant differences among the respondents relative to their viewership rate of historical Netflix shows per day according to their demographics (sex-age- educational level - economic level).
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A Preliminary Validation of the Brief COPE Inventory for Assessing Coping Strategies among Pakistani House Job DoctorsHealth care is one of the most challenging professions associated with several challenges and issues leading the doctors and nurses towards several mental health issues which make it necessary to explore coping strategies and skills that help the professionals in overcoming their mental health issues. As a result, the present study was conducted on a sample of Pakistani house-job doctors to validate the Coping Orientation to Problem Experienced (COPE) scale. A sample of 315 house-job doctors (men = 60%, women = 40%) employed in various hospitals of Lahore was recruited through purposive sampling method. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used at first to confirm Carver's factor structure, which resulted in poor fit. As a result, the structure of coping factor in a Pakistani sample was investigated through an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and avoidant coping were discovered to be three-factor solution of COPE. Furthermore, the scale had high psychometric qualities including good reliability and validity.
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General education at Effat University: A value-based liberal arts teaching modelAt the core of this teaching model lies a fully dedicated program consciously called the General Education Program (GEP). The technical and social feasibility of GEP, as well as its inherent regard for diversity, are evident in its gradual but persistent transformation from merely a set of core and preparatory courses to the largest study program of its kind in the entire KSA. GEP not only represents an effective value-based teaching model of international repute but also affords many possibilities for future customizations, thanks to its intrinsically adaptable course offerings, teaching methods, and assessment mechanisms. Over the last few decades, the KSA has undergone a wide array of social developments, during which the Kingdom’s education system has significantly evolved. It has not only incorporated but also improvised on elements of Western educational philosophies, with liberal arts education (LAE) at the forefront. The dynamics between the modern Western education and the Islamic heritage of the Saudi society has given rise to ethico-Islamic models of teaching and learning, one of which is espoused in this paper. The impetus for this transformation is also strongly connected to women’s role in education, patronized by the late Queen Effat Al-Thunayyan. The late Queen established the KSA’s first women-only higher education institution in 1999, Effat College of Jeddah, which received a Royal decree to become a university in 2007.
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The Values Framework of Social Series in American TelevisionThis study seeks to examine the values framework of the content presented by social long-running series in American television and analyze the nature of the values and negative behaviors reflected by these series through quantitative and qualitative approaches and identify their treatment methods and the characters who present them to accurately monitor their content and provide a critical view to evaluate their pros and cons. The fundamentals of this study depend on the survey methodology and the use of content analysis form as a data-gathering tool. The study applies a content analysis to a purposive sample of two social long-running series in American television with a total number of 60 episodes, which are (Everybody Loves Raymond) and (The Big Bang Theory). The study concludes to: · “Negatives behaviors” prevailed in the examined social long-running American television series (53%). · The values of “Intimacy and Tolerance” ranked first of the reflected values in the examined series (37.6%), while "Aggression" ranked first of the reflected negative behaviors (35.8%). · The treatment method of "Demonstrating by actions" prevailed for presenting the values and negative behaviors in the examined series (40.3%). · Most of the characters who presented the values and negative behaviors in the examined series were "Main characters" (88.9%), "Male" (53%), "Young" (48.65%), "Of a moderate social class" (56.7%) and "Of a high educational level" (89%). · There is no statistically significant relationship between the nature of the values and negative behaviors reflected by the characters of the examined social long-running American television series and their roles (main/secondary) or their demographics (sex-age-social class-educational level).
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Uses of Egyptian Audiences of Late-night American TV Shows and their Effects on themThis study seeks to examine the Egyptian audience's uses of late-night American TV shows, and identify their viewership rate, the motives of watching them and the gratifications achieved, and evaluate their effects on them and their role in shaping their perception of reality and shaping their awareness towards the presented causes. The theoretical framework of this study relies on the Uses and Effects Model, and the fundamentals of the study depend on the survey methodology and the use of questionnaire form as a data gathering tool. The study uses a purposive sample of 400 respondents of the Egyptian audiences who watch late-night American TV shows in Cairo. The study concludes to social causes emerged as the most prominent types of causes that the Egyptian audience prefers to watch in American late-night TV shows (66.75%), the principal motive of watching was (Because it helps me to entertain myself and pass the time) (69.75%), the principal use of these shows was (Watching dramatic sketches) (68%), the principal gratification achieved was (Entertainment, fun and humor) (65.5%), and the principal effect of these shows was (I find them enjoying a great deal of freedom especially when they are broadcast when democratic activities take place in the real world) (45,25%).
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Values and Topics Presented in Contemporary Egyptian Filmsيتعـرض الباحثـان هنـا إلى دراسـة محتـوى الأفـلام السينمائية المصريـة المعـاصرة المنتجـة والمقدمـة خـلال العـام ٢٠٢١ ويهدفـان إلى التعـرف عـلى الموضوعـات التـي تتناولهـا هـذه الأفـلام وتحليـل القيـم المختلفـة التـي تعكسـها وتقديـم رؤيـة نقديـة لمضمونهـا بهـدف التنبـؤ بدورهـا في التأثـير عـلى الجمهـور والمجتمـع وتحديـد مـدى مسـاهمتها في رفـع الوعـي المجتمعـي والارتقـاء بالـذوق العـام.
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Exploring the Historical Significance of the Social Security and Welfare Systems in Islam: The Era of 'Umar ibn al-KhattabIslam's social security system differs in nature and operation from the social security systems that are widely used around the world. The Muslim world has had access to a commendable social security system from the beginning of Islam, therefore modern social security systems are nothing new to them. In this article, the Islamic social security system under the rule of 'Umar ibn al-Khattb, the second khalifah of Islam, is studied historically.
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The Egyptian Elite's Evaluation of Security Causes Portrayal in Patriotic Series on Satellite ChannelsThis study examines the Egyptian elite's evaluation of security causes portrayal in patriotic series on satellite channels and their role in providing the required information about these causes and encouraging the patriotic spirit, and identify their viewership rate, reasons, and effects. Expectancy-value Model, the survey methodology and questionnaires used, to examine a purposive sample of 100 respondents of the Egyptian elite in media and arts fields. Major findings conclude to that respondents always watch patriotic series (81%), because they are relevant to contemporary events (52%), playing a principal and active role in encouraging the patriotic spirit (78%). Respondents believe that the portrayal of security causes was direct (42%), and they feel high satisfaction regarding the extent of providing the required information about security causes (64%). Feeling safe and secure emerged as the most prominent effect of viewing patriotic series (33%). Respondents suggested producing one patriotic series at least yearly (75%). A correlation exists between the respondents' viewership rate of patriotic series on one side, and their evaluation that the security causes portrayal was direct, objective, and documented, and their level of satisfaction regarding the extent of providing the required information on the other side. Differences among respondents exist according to: their genders relative to their viewership rate of patriotic series, and their professions and educational levels relative to their level of satisfaction regarding the extent of providing the required information about security causes.
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The Effect of Diversification On Firms Performance Case Of Saudi ArabiaThe study examines The Effect of Diversification on Firm Performance Case of Saudi Arabia. The aim of the study investigate how diversification impacts the financial performance of Saudi Arabia Firms Explore the dependent and independent variables that has direct or indirect relationship with performance and diversification. Moreover, the data will be imported from TASI & Bloomberg for five industry Listed in Tadawul which are Food and beverage, Diversified Financials, Food & Staples, Retailing, Energy, Capital Goods, Consumer Durables & Apparel, Materials, Bank in each industry we select five companies total firms forty. During period of time 2012 -2022. The model that will be used Regression model, to minimize the variance between the observed responses and the predicted one. This paper found diversification has a insignificant relationship on firm performance, the diversified firms have lower performance than non-diversified firms, lastly Diversified firms profitable more than undiversified firms.
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Financial Performance Analysis of the Hospitality Industry in Saudi ArabiaThis study examines the performance of the hospitality industry in Saudi Arabia by traditional financial ratios over the past five years by using the financial statements from the Saudi Exchange Tadawul website. The study aims to analyze the financial performance of hospitality companies to explore the development ratio of the hospitality field in Saudi Arabia, included in the Tadawul during the 2018-2022 period. It will examine the financial performance of the hospitality industry by using ROE and ROA affected by the leverage, Liquidity, Size, and GROW. From the results, it was seen that Hospitality companies in Saudi Arabia should focus on improving their net margin and asset turnover to improve their financial performance. Consequently, the hospitality industry's financial performance has been adversely affected by COVID-19.
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Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Medical ImagingArtificial intelligence (AI) plays an important role in the field of medical image analysis, including computer-aided diagnosis, image-guided therapy, image registration, image segmentation, image annotation, image fusion, and retrieval of image databases. With advances in medical imaging, new imaging methods and techniques are needed in the field of medical imaging, such as cone-beam/multi-slice CT, MRI, positron emission tomography (PET)/CT, 3D ultrasound imaging, diffuse optical tomography, and electrical impedance tomography, as well as new AI algorithms/applications. To provide adequate results, single-sample evidence given by the patient’s imaging data is often not appropriate. It is usually difficult to derive analytical solutions or simple equations to describe objects such as lesions and anatomy in medical images, due to wide variations and complexity. Tasks in medical image analysis therefore require learning from examples for correct image recognition (IR) and prior knowledge. This book offers advanced or up-to-date medical image analysis methods through the use of algorithms/techniques for AI, machine learning (ML), and IR. A picture or image is worth a thousand words, indicating that, for example, IR may play a critical role in medical imaging and diagnostics. Data/information can be learned through AI, IR, and ML in the form of an image, that is, a collection of pixels, as it is impossible to recruit experts for big data.