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Smart city as a smart service system: Human-computer interaction and smart city surveillance systemsSmart city services, smart applications and smart devices form an ecosystem of tools and artifacts that challenge, and times even disrupt, conventions, norms, and rites of behavior, thus prompting diverse behavioral changes at the level of the individual, the group, and the society at large. In this view, smart city may be viewed as a – one of its kind – laboratory to query the complex human-computer relationship from a multi-dimensional perspective. By adopting this perspective, this paper queries the existing smart city surveillance systems to identify their key limitations and sources of frequently justified controversies. It is argued that to bypass these – first – the value of mesh-technology should be explored. It is also argued that – second – it is necessary not only to bring citizens back in the discussion on smart city, but also to highlight the mechanisms by means of which they might be involved in the co-design of smart city solutions and in urban decision-making. To bridge these two imperatives, smart city is conceptualized as a smart service system and, consequently, a wireless integrated mesh-technology enhanced (WIMTE) smart city surveillance system is elaborated.
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Smart Cities or Smart People: The Role of Smart People to Achieve Integrative VisionThe smart city concept has emerged in Egypt in the last 5 years with the start of the fourth generation of new cities, creating a gap between the policies dealing with new versus existing cities. In fact, the proposed strategic master plans for existing cities lacked the components of smartness and the true engagement of stakeholders. It rather focused on meeting the challenges resulting from the over densification, and informalities by a participatory approach that is still missing an appropriate common language between all stakeholders. The authors argue that smart cities’ vision will contribute to solving the issues of cities if linked to the regional context, especially involving new cities while achieving local resilience. The case of New Alamein and old Alamein is a clear interpretation that will be discussed and analyzed to determine the way forward to achieve the integrative vision. This chapter addresses the importance of an integrated approach that would ensure the successful implementation of the smart cities’ initiative in both new and existing cities through empowering the utilization of physical, human, and economic resources of the country. Particularly, the chapter provides insights into how to engage the various stakeholders to contribute to the Egyptian agenda 2030 to place the existing Egyptian agglomerations on the map of sustainable smart cities. The authors will provide recommendations on how to achieve a dynamic inclusion of all stakeholders, emphasizing their role to build sustainable, resilient, and smart cities. This would imply to determine the difference of scale, and level of smartness required to achieve a smart integration.
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Smart Mobility in Smart City: A Critical Review of the Emergence of the Concept. Focus on Saudi ArabiaToday, half of the world’s population lives in urban areas where information and communication technology (ICT) are natural catalysts for innovations. Progressing urbanization requires improved urban planning and management to make urban spaces more inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable, as outlined in SDG11. The concept of smart city offers a way of reconciling the diversity of challenges that the urban space is exposed to today, whereby ICT is considered a tool in this respect. Arguably, smart cities create the opportunity to integrate advances in ICT in the fabric of the city, thus creatively and innovatively provide improved quality of life. The domains of mobility, economy, environment, etc. are just a few examples. The objective of this paper is to focus on the domain of mobility in the smart city and to examine it from a historical perspective, i.e. starting by introducing the concept of smart mobility and its role in creating smart cities, identifying the related technologies and challenges, exploring the different types of smart mobility, and outlining international initiatives. The application of smart mobility in the Saudi Arabia context is highlighted.