Joule Heating and Viscous Dissipation Effects on a Stretching/Shrinking Cannel Filled by Micropolar Hybrid Nanofluid in Presence Thermal/Solar Radiation

Abstract

The main goal for this research is to investigate the effect of two composed hybrid nanoparticle materials in heat transfer with account several parameters and in two cases. In addition, exploring how the micropolar hybrid nanofluid (Cu–TiO2) behaves in a shrinking and expansion of the channel. The model considers external factors such as magnetic fields, heat radiation, and solar radiation. The boundary layer approach has been utilized to create transformations that pout the equations of the system in the dimensionless form. The shooting method has been combined with the fourth-order Runge-Kutta-Gill to numerically solve the modified ordinary differential equations. The impacts of the nanoparticles transport on the heat transfer and fluid flow are addressed, and the results are compared to the case of pure water. The velocity, isotherms, angular-velocity, and concentration distributions, are given in tables or graphs. It was found that the effect of heat on the hybrid nanofluids is directly proportional to its velocity and angular velocity. For mass fraction of the two nanofluids φ 1 and φ 2, the velocity profile f′(η) has a comparable influence for both hybrid nanofluid and nanofluid. The larger quantity of the factors φ 1, φ 2, M and Q enhance the temperature. For M, φ 1 and φ 2, the angular velocity profile g(η) has a comparable influence for both hybrid and magnetic parameter. The absorption parameter storing the radiation energy and augmentation of the solar irradiance immersion capacity leads to a greater heat transfer.