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Examining the issues encountered in the translation of the definitive book of body languageThis research discusses the translation of a book on body language and how it is important in the psychology field. The feedback about the book has been positive, and that attracts the researcher more to read more in both languages and compare them. The original authors are Allan and Barbara Pease. They published the book in 2005 at Orion Publishing group in Australia by Pease International. The Arabic version of the book has been published in 2020 by Jarir bookstore in Saudi Arabia. According to (Pease, B., & Pease, A. (2008) The Definitive Book of Body Language is written by Allan and Barbara Pease who are a married couple, and their book was published in 2005. It states that according to reviews just 7% of people’s correspondence is verbal (that is, what we say) and 38% is vocal (that is, how we say it) and the rest, i.e., 55%, is non-verbal (that is, what we do with our non-verbal communication and our signals). Naturally, we regularly can detect when someone means something else to what exactly they are saying. However, it is not perusing a book like this that explains a wide variety of non-verbal communication that we can truly figure out and know how to interpret certain activities and motion. The book contains eighteen chapters, but this research will focus on only the translation of two chapters: the first 3 is understanding the basics, the second is the magic of smiles and laughter, and finally, evaluation and deceit signals.
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An Unrelenting Burden: Masculinity, Patriarchy, and Female Trauma in Mai Al-Nakib’s An Unlasting HomeThis research examines how the manifestations of masculinity in three selected characters—Qais Qais Al-Talib, Hassan Suleiman, and Marwan Sayyid Riyad Al-Ameed— in Mai Al-Nakib’s multigenerational saga An Unlasting Home (2022) affect the female characters and upholds patriarchal systems in Arab society. It uses R.W. Connell’s hegemonic masculinity and Kupers’ toxic masculinity as a basis for explaining how each of the mentioned characters’ masculinities manifests through their violent behavior when failing to reach or attempting to maintain hegemonic norms. A connection is drawn between them in the way that they uphold patriarchy through the dehumanization, objectification, and violation of the women in their lives— Sheikha, Yeliz, and Yasmine– upon a perceived threat to their masculinity. Amer Alsaleh’s various forms of violence, Lenore E. Walker’s cycle of violence, Yashasvi Gupta’s theories of patriarchal trauma, and Smith et al.‘s study— which links hegemonic masculinity to sexual aggression— are also used within the theoretical framework of this research to describe the detrimental impact of their abuse. The analysis also takes notice of Connell's theory that women live as sexual objects to validate men, supported by Alsaleh’s emphasis that it is custom and tradition that offers men the right to women’s bodies and services, and applies it to Sheikha and Yasmine’s specific contexts. Shaped by the masculinities around them, the trajectory of the women’s lives is changed forever. This research also emphasizes that hegemonic masculinity and patriarchy negatively impact not only women but subordinate masculinities as well.
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From Script to Screen: Analyzing the English subtitle of an Arabic FilmToday, movies are considered one of the most important entertainment factors worldwide, and subtitles are important for films. Subtitles are considered the most important factors that convey film messages to different people from different types of countries around the world, whether the film is Spanish, Arabic, or French. As long as it is subtitled into the mother tongue language of the viewers, the film’s message will be conveyed successfully. Cinema did not take off in Saudi Arabia until recently, so there are still some difficulties and mistakes when translating an Arabic-language film into English. This research delves into the translation strategies employed in the English subtitles of the Saudi Arabian movie "Scales." It aims to determine whether Mona Baker's strategies are applied to the subtitles of the film and to evaluate this translation based on these strategies. Also, the research suggests translations that may also be appropriate and may be a better option or a lower quality option than the subtitle in the film. Both the original translation and the suggested translation are analyzed. and whether they fit the context of the film. The findings of this analysis contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexities involved in audiovisual translation and offer insights into enhancing the quality and fidelity of cross-cultural cinematic experiences.
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The Broken Spirits of River Spirit: A Psychoanalytical Exploration of the Traumas of Enslavement in Leila Aboulela’s NovelThis thesis attempts to analyze the traumatic events and behavioral manifestations of trauma involving select enslaved characters from Leila Aboulela’s historical fictional novel River Spirit (2023), set in late 19th century Sudan in the midst of the Mahdist revolutionary war. In bringing the novel’s enslaved characters’ traumatic experiences to light, this research relies on concepts from the psychoanalytical trauma theory models of Sigmund Freud and Cathy Caruth, as well as Judith Herman’s trauma model outlining the three cardinal symptoms of Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): hyperarousal, intrusion, and constriction. This research forms an understanding of the aforementioned concepts within the context of Aboulela’s novel, findings associations with PTSD and its symptoms within the dissociated and disturbed mental states of Akuany-Zamzam, Hibra, the Al-Ubayyid governor’s slaves, and the pregnant woman of the Khartoum slave caravan, all of whom had endured slavery and its cruelties. In exploring the traumatized psyches of the characters, this research also delves into Akuany-Zamzam’s connection with the Nile rivers, as even through the tragedy and turbulence of slavery and war, she finds comfort in its waters. The manifestations of the enslaved characters’ traumas were revealed through repetitive, disturbed behavior of both the unconscious and conscious varieties, ranging from memory flashbacks to violent nightmares, as well as complete mental disconnect, derealization, and depersonalization in the face of, and following, the traumatic event.
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Analysis of the translation of some stories selected from the workers of Edgar Allan Poe, The Raven Edition' VolumeThis research aimed to analyze a translated text from English into Arabic by shedding light on the semantic, syntactic, morphological, and cultural items in both languages and shedding light on the translation strategies used and their implications. The translated text is a story titled The Black Cat, from the Works of Edgar Allan Poe, The Raven Edition, VOLUME II. The researcher used qualitative analysis and found important results. It is shown that there are grammatical, semantic, morphological, and cultural issues when translating from English into Arabic. The differences in the linguistic systems of both English and Arabic is shown to be the major source of translation issues, especially the lack of equivalents between English and Arabic. The findings also showed that the context and the culture are important for transferring from English into Arabic, especially since English has some words that are culture-based and cannot be translated literally into Arabic. The findings of the study suggest that translators should be well aware of the two languages, English and Arabic, in order to be able to translate accurately. Also, translators need to be well aware of the cultural context of each language since cultural differences contribute to delivering a sound translation of the text.
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Exploring the Efficiency of ChatGPT vs. Google Translate in Translating Idioms and Idiomatic Expressions: “The Catcher in the Rye” as a Case StudyIn a world where people delve into the use of idioms and view them as a way to express emotions that cannot be expressed through everyday language, it is critical to understand that idioms are more than just random expressions of languages; they are key pillars in conveying culture's traditions, beliefs, and shared experiences, as well as playing a vital role in influencing how people interact, think, and view the world. However, these idioms are difficult to communicate across cultures, making it difficult for translators to translate them, let alone machine translation (MT) tools, which many claim will only provide poor-quality translations. Given this, the purpose of this study is to compare ChatGPT and Google Translate's performance in translating idiomatic expressions from the first chapter of “The Catcher in the Rye.” Furthermore, it aims to go further into the realm of idioms and assess the accuracy and effectiveness of these MT tools for translating idiom meanings from English to Arabic in order to establish cultural bonds through improved translation methods. This study incorporates both qualitative and quantitative analysis to examine the most common strategy employed by ChatGPT and Google Translate, according to Mona Baker's translation strategies, as well as assess translation quality in terms of accuracy, fluency, and cultural sensitivity. The results indicate that ChatGPT is more accurate than Google Translate when it comes to translating idiomatic expressions from English to Arabic.
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The Concept of Equivalents in TranslationThis research paper aims to identify the best approach to achieving equivalents in translation. Through an extensive analysis of various translation methodologies. The study reveals that the Pym approach, which is divided into two categories: natural and directional, emerges as the most effective approach. The natural approach focuses on maintaining the original meaning and style, while the directional approach emphasizes adapting the translation to the target culture and audience. By combining these two approaches, translators can strike a balance between faithfulness to the source text and cultural adaptation. The findings of this research shed light on the significance of the Pym approach in achieving accurate and culturally appropriate equivalents in translation.
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Interconnected Realms-Masculinity and Gender Roles in Haruki Murakami's Kafka on the Shore (2002)This research focuses on the relationship between masculinity and gender roles shown in Haruki Murakami’s novel Kafka on the Shore published in 2002. The research aims to investigate how Murakami, as a writer, uses the themes of masculinity and conventional gender roles not just as narrative devices but as means to scrutinizing societal norms and personal identity. At the core of the discussion are the issues of identity construction and conventional gender expectations. The purpose of this analysis is twofold: First, it gives an insight into the novel’s narration, which is interwoven with discussions of masculinity and gender as a medium to implicitly reflect on society and an investigation of individual identity, on which deeper societal and psychological undercurrents of the characters and the story are founded. The second aim of the research is to establish a connection between literary criticism and gender studies while exposing how literature particularly in the domain of contemporary fiction can act as a mirror for the examination of gender roles and stereotypical conceptions of manhood. Through the in-depth study of the complicated themes of manhood and gender roles in, Kafka on the Shore (2002), this research offers an in- depth analysis of Murakami's narrative techniques and the ways they are interconnected with contemporary images of masculinity. This research investigates themes of identity formation and gender roles in Murakami's Kafka on the Shore by examining how the novel portrays masculinity and its interaction with gender roles, reflecting societal norms. The analysis will focus on societal demands, gender stereotypes, ambiguity, fluidity, and intersections with age, sexuality, and class. The study is guided by theoretical frameworks such as hegemonic masculinity, gender performativity, and social construction of gender. It explores whether the novel reinforces or subverts dominant masculinity, portraying gender as a flexible social concept; and unveils power dynamics and societal pressures shaping masculinity within the narrative.
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Interconnected Realms-Masculinity and Gender Roles in Haruki Murakami’s Kafka on the Shore (2002)This research focuses on the relationship between masculinity and gender roles shown in Haruki Murakami’s novel Kafka on the Shore published in 2002. The research aims to investigate how Murakami, as a writer, uses the themes of masculinity and conventional gender roles not just as narrative devices but as means to scrutinizing societal norms and personal identity. At the core of the discussion are the issues of identity construction and conventional gender expectations. The purpose of this analysis is twofold: First, it gives an insight into the novel’s narration, which is interwoven with discussions of masculinity and gender as a medium to implicitly reflect on society and an investigation of individual identity, on which deeper societal and psychological undercurrents of the characters and the story are founded. The second aim of the research is to establish a connection between literary criticism and gender studies while exposing how literature particularly in the domain of contemporary fiction can act as a mirror for the examination of gender roles and stereotypical conceptions of manhood. Through the in-depth study of the complicated themes of manhood and gender roles in, Kafka on the Shore (2002), this research offers an in-depth analysis of Murakami's narrative techniques and the ways they are interconnected with contemporary images of masculinity. This research investigates themes of identity formation and gender roles in Murakami's Kafka on the Shore by examining how the novel portrays masculinity and its interaction with gender roles, reflecting societal norms. The analysis will focus on societal demands, gender stereotypes, ambiguity, fluidity, and intersections with age, sexuality, and class. The study is guided by theoretical frameworks such as hegemonic masculinity, gender performativity, and social construction of gender. It explores whether the novel reinforces or subverts dominant masculinity, portraying gender as a flexible social concept; and unveils power dynamics and societal pressures shaping masculinity within the narrative.
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Literature review: “Divorce in the Middle East”This qualitative study aims to provide a detailed investigation into the various aspects of divorce in the Middle East, focusing on cultural and societal influences, effects on family structures and gender roles, social implications, and the psychological well-being of those involved. The research aims to enhance understanding and awareness of the dynamics of divorce in the Middle East. Utilizing a qualitative methodology, the study conducted online semi-structured interviews via Zoom and FaceTime with eight participants, including four parents and four children. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Key findings reveal distinct themes for both children and parents. For children, mental health, social life, and relationships with parents were predominant themes. For parents, financial child support, emotional child support, relationships with ex-partners, and pre- and post-divorce support emerged as critical areas of focus. The study concludes that both children and parents face significant challenges due to divorce, with finances and communication being particularly difficult for parents, while children struggle with mental health, social life, and maintaining parental relationships. Despite these challenges, many participants demonstrated resilience and adaptability, successfully navigating life after divorce.
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Sharp Objects Adora Crellin: a Psychoanalytical ApproachThe matriarchal force of destruction in Gillian Flynn’s Sharp Objects (2006) is one which affects the characters in irreversible ways. While the existing research mainly focuses on the characters of Camille and Amma with feminist approaches, the subject of study in this research is Adora Crellin, explored through Carl Jung’s psychoanalytic theories of the primary archetypes, the mother image and its complexes. The imbalance of her psyche is investigated through over identification with the persona, the repressed shadow, the animus and the disintegration of the self. In addition, the image of the mother is applied to her, in order to demonstrate her deviation from it and the complex this created in her children.
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Idioms in translationThis research paper delves into the intricate world of idiom translation, focusing on the strategies proposed by Mona Baker. The study explores the various techniques advised by Mona baker and are employed by translators to effectively convey the intended meaning of idiomatic expressions in the target language. These strategies include finding idioms with similar meaning and form in the target language, identifying idioms with similar meaning but dissimilar form, translating idioms through paraphrase, and even omitting them when necessary. By examining these strategies, this research sheds light on the complexities of idiom translation and highlights the crucial role of cultural nuances and context in avoiding mistranslation.
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Discussion of the Cultural and Political Issues of Translation A Case StudyThe project discusses the translation carefully excerpts selected from Monk of Mokha book. The book is non-fiction, covering cultural and political incidents. The research identifies and discusses the issues encounters in the translation of certain cultural and political texts in the book. It also analyses the process to translate political and cultural texts and how the translator can deal with these texts. The study aims to show How to solve certain unexpected problems or issues that translator face.
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Domineering Women in Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell Tolls: A Psychoanalytic ApproachIn this study, a specific character, Pilar, will be analyzed for the presence of the characteristics of a domineering woman through the analysis of Earnest Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell Tolls. Expanding from this base and through the application of Jung’s archetypal criticism and Chodorow’s further study on feminist psychoanalysis, it aims to understand the psychoanalytical factor behind a woman to break out of the ‘supposed’ norm. The focus will be on highlighting Pilar as a domineering woman who adopted masculine qualities, yet stands as a mother figure throughout the text. The paper thus, hopes to study existing research and bridge the gap in character analysis through this particular lens.
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Examining the merits and demerits of using translation online tools in examsThis study aims to demonstrate how effective the use of internet tools can be in translation exams. One of the important reasons for conducting this research is that the labor market requires translators who can translate using computer translation applications, and who are fast and accurate in their work. When using the Internet and the printed dictionary together, we will reach this accuracy. The Internet will save time and the dictionary will give us an accurate translation. Research questions: To what extent, are the translation students have benefitted with online tools while translating? Also, to what extent, are the translation students have taken time with no online tools while translating? The importance of this study is to keep pace with our era, not only in education, but in translation in particular and for future translators. This study recommends that translation students use internet sources in exams, because it is one of the requirements of the labor market nowadays. Many translators use internet sources because it is faster and more accurate when using reliable electronic dictionaries. The study recommends that we as students should not use tools that are different from those used at the workplace. We suggest that translation students have the right to use the internet in and outside the exams to save time and find the most appropriate terms faster.
