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A Comparative Study on the Performance of Hidden Markov Model in Appliance ModelingLoad modeling using data-driven algorithms is a widely used technique in applications like load identification. It is also one of the fundamental concepts which enable Non-Intrusive Appliance Load Modeling (NIALM). This paper develops a load modeling framework using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) to identify a two-state home appliance. Unlike previous studies, the training and testing dataset is derived from different monitored domestic houses to analyze the effect of the training data trends on the model’s accuracy. We used the Reference Energy Disaggregation Dataset (REDD) in the load modeling process. The developed system utilizes adaptive measures to construct HMM models that can identify foreign variants of the same two-state appliance. We measured the accuracy of our proposed methodology by comparing a known state sequence with a Viterbi-generated one. The accuracy results are up to 96%, depending on the nature of the used training dataset.
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Chapter 1: Traditional Modeling of Fluid Flow and Transport Phenomena, in the Book: Fractional Modelling of Fluid Flow and Transport PhenomenaThis chapter provides an introductory overview of the key concepts and principles in fluid mechanics. It begins by exploring the properties and classifications of fluids. We then present the fluid motion equations, covering the principles of mass, momentum, energy conservation, and solute transport. As common cases, the inviscid flow, Euler's equations, and Bernoulli's principle are included, illustrating fundamental concepts in fluid dynamics. The chapter also emphasizes the significance of dimensional analysis. This powerful tool simplifies complex fluid dynamics problems and helps identify parallels between disparate systems. Following this, we examine boundary layer theory, essential for understanding fluid behavior in proximity to solid surfaces. Additionally, the chapter introduces the concept of non-Newtonian fluids. Finally, we discuss the fundamentals of flow in porous media. This includes an overview of Darcy's law, various dispersion models, and the dynamics of two-phase and multiphase flows within porous structures.
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Chapter 3: Fundamentals of Fractional Modeling of Fluid Flow, of the Book: Fractional Modelling of Fluid Flow and Transport PhenomenaAs the primary focus of this book is employing fractional modeling in the study of fluid dynamics and transport phenomena, this chapter presents the basics of fractional modeling of fluid flow. It begins with exploring fractional differential equations and discusses their advantages and challenges. Subsequent sections focus on the derivations of fractional-order formulations for conserving mass and momentum. The chapter also introduces the derivation of the fractional energy conservation equation, including models for heat conduction, heat convection-conduction, and general transport phenomena. Additionally, the discussion extends to fluid flow in porous media, featuring adaptations of Darcy’s Law that incorporate time and space memory effects and address anomalous diffusion processes.
