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Development of a Battery Management System for Enhancing the Performance and Safety of Lithium-Ion Battery Packs
Binsalim, Haya Badaam, Salma
Binsalim, Haya
Badaam, Salma
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Abstract
Electrical grids generate energy using diverse power sources, including fossil fuels (gas and coal) and renewable sources (e.g., solar panels). However, the variability in power generation from these sources can lead to inefficiencies within the grid, resulting in energy wastage and potential damage to energy storage systems. In this context, developing robust energy storage solutions is crucial to maintain grid stability and optimize energy utilization. Battery packs integrated into the grid offer a promising solution for energy storage, but their efficient operation requires precise monitoring and control, which is achieved through Battery Management Systems (BMS). It manages individual cells' charging and discharging processes to maximize efficiency and extend their lifespan. Additionally, the BMS continuously monitors voltage and current levels to ensure they remain within safe limits, mitigating the risk of heat damage. This research investigates the challenges associated with energy generation and storage in electrical grids, emphasizing the need for efficient energy storage systems to prevent energy wastage and battery damage. The proposed solution focuses on BMS to monitor and control the energy storage process. This study offers a novel BMS design, incorporating Extended Kalman Filtering and a CCCV-based passive balancing algorithm to manage battery states, state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), and thermal characteristics. The research also includes a comprehensive simulation study conducted in SIMULINK with the Simscape toolbox to assess the effectiveness of the proposed BMS in a simulated grid environment. The simulation consists of a plant model representing the grid-connected battery pack, the BMS Electronic Control Unit (ECU) system, and various operational scenarios. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed BMS design effectively monitors the battery pack's state, maintains cell balancing, estimates SOC, and regulates temperature and current levels within safe limits.