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The Translation and Validation of the Basic Empathy Scale (BES-AR)
Hamad, Joud
Hamad, Joud
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Abstract
The Arabic version of the Basic Empathy Scale demonstrates strong reliability and satisfactory validity, resembling the original scale by Farrington and Jolliffe (2006). Female participants showed higher levels of empathy compared to males. The Arabic scale correlates positively with the Perth Empathy Scale, indicating concurrent validity. A weak significant relationship was obtained between BES and SDS, suggesting an association between empathy and social desirability. There is no significant correlation observed between social interaction anxiety and empathy. The exploratory factor analysis favored a one-factor model for an overall empathy score. With Arabic-speaking people, the Arabic BES demonstrates validity and reliability for clinical and research applications, enabling assessments that are sensitive to cultural differences. Its participation in research promotes empathy awareness worldwide and helps educators and mental health professionals with diagnosis, treatment, and skill development.